Page 867 - Proceedings Collega2023

ABSTRACT

The institution of pondok education is evidence of the spread of Islam and the legacy of
local wisdom throughout the Malay Archipelago. The spread of knowledge through the pondok
institution system in Malaya, for example, started as early as 1450 in Melaka and began to develop
around Malaya in the 19th century and still exists today. The existence of these pondok institution
directly affects the spread of Islam and the strengthening of the faith, self-identity and civilized
lifestyle of the Malays. However, the arrival of colonialists, especially the British, in Malaya began
to open up alternatives in the local education system and eventually dominated the local education
system until the pondok institution seemed to be marginalized. However, the religious scholars
and 'tok gurus' who have their own pondok school try to defend this shack institution and succeed
in preserving it as a priority or choice for Muslims. The pondok istitution syllabus is now adapted
to the current changes without discarding the spirit, philosophy and trust of the pondok institution
itself. Therefore, this qualitative study will review the communication strategies used by the
owners and leaders of lodge institutions to preserve their existence. In-depth interview with Ustaz
Hafiz bin Mohd Suid, Mudir Ma’ahad An-Noer located at Janda Baik Bentong Pahang were
conducted to obtain information regarding communication strategies, message formation and
target groups to implement an effective communication process. The findings of the study are
expected to provide an initial insight into the importance of communication strategies to manage
any issue in achieving the wishes and perfecting the vision of informants and institutions.
Indirectly, this study will show the efforts to defend pondok schools in the context of local wisdom
and the strengthening of Islamic teachings in the archipelago.

Keywords: Communication management, pondok school, Malay archipelago, communication
strategy, local wisdom.

Pengenalan

Sejarah kemunculan sekolah pondok di Tanah Melayu dipercayai seiring dengan
kedatangan agama Islam di Tanah Melayu iaitu pada abad ke-14. Berdasarkan kepada penemuan
Batu Bersurat di Terengganu bertarikh 1303M yang dijumpai di Kuala Berang, Terengganu. Dan
pendidikan pondok ini semakin pesat bercambah pada abad ke-18 dan ianya dipelopori oleh
golongan ulama dari Pattani. Kebanyakkannya daripada Nikorn Si Tammaraj, Trang, Krabi,
Pangnga, Surat Thani, Phuket, Patthalung, Chaiya dan Songkla. Antara contoh pondok pada zaman
itu ialah, Pondok Tok Guru Haji Nor (Ayah Nor pondok), Tok Guru Haji Leh (Haji Salleh), pondok
Tok Guru Haji Somad (Haji Abd al-Samad) dan pondok Tok Guru Ghani (Pondok Padang Langa).

Hasil daripada murid-murid yang belajar di Pattani itu, mereka pulang ke negeri masing-
masing seperti Kedah, Kelantan, Terengganu, Johor dan di negeri-negeri lain. Bekas pelajar pelajar
ini menubuhkan pondok-pondok sendiri, dan penuntut-penuntut tidak lagi ke Pattani untuk belajar
kerana di tempat mereka sudah adanya tempat belajar. Di Tanah Melayu, Kelantan merupakan di
antara negeri yang mula-mula mewujudkan sistem pondok. Pondok pertama yang didirikan di
Kelantan ialah pada tahun 1820M oleh Tuan Guru Haji Abdul Samad bin Abdullah (Tok Pulai
Chondong). Selain dari pondok Pulai Chondong yang didirikan di Kelantan sebelum 1910 ialah
Pondok Tok Bachok pada tahun 1900, Pondok Sungai Budor, Pondok Kampung Banggol, Pondok

International Conference on Local Wisdom of the Malay Archipelago (COLLEGA 2023) Page - 854 -