Page 380 - Proceedings Collega2023

4.3.1 Trust
In general, the Batek tribe has accepted and embraced the teachings of Islam, but on the whole,
this tribe still holds fast to the beliefs of their ancestors. Beliefs, life systems and taboos that are still held
also influence the process of building a life. It can be proven by various practices that are carried out
starting from the selection of the house site until the ceremony of raising the house. The practices
performed are the result of manifesting the thought that it is natural for humans to believe in the existence
of gods and supernatural powers. They believe that power always controls and takes care of them in their
daily life.

4.3.2 Physical Environment
Traditionally, the life of the Batek tribe is in the inland areas and surrounded by wilderness. Such
an environment certainly shapes the various life systems of all members of the group including the form
of life. Haya’ is built based on materials obtained from the surrounding forest. The environment also affects
the construction pattern, temporary and permanent Haya’ are built close to each other. The purpose is to
protect group members from the threat of wild animals and 'ghost' disturbances. So is the form of a
permanent house built with a certain floor height. It aims to prevent the household from being threatened
by wild animals and also aims to prevent group members from disease outbreaks.

4.3.3 Suitability With Climate
Haya’ of the Batek tribe was built based on their experience with equatorial climate conditions.
This is proven based on the following points.
a) Building Materials
The use of light building materials such as wood and other natural materials that have a low
thermal capacity. These materials only slightly retain heat and cool enough during the day and night.
Despite having certain weaknesses, a roof made of leaves is a very effective thermal insulator.

b) Air Circulation
For permanent haya, the elongated plan shape with minimal internal walls promotes cross-air
circulation. Furthermore, the position of the floor of the house which is higher from the ground level
exposes the house to better airflow. Likewise, the temporary Haya’, a very simple structure with the main
elements consisting of a roof and a floor allows group members to achieve high satisfaction when the
weather conditions are too hot. The shape of the wide opening without walls exposes the members of the
group to the wind, thus creating a comfortable atmosphere when inside.

c) Roof Projection
For permanent Haya’, the wide roof projection provides shade and good protection against
sunlight and rain. Roofs built with a slope of 40 to 45 degrees are very suitable for the capacity of rain that
falls throughout the year. A roof constructed in such a way allows rainwater to fall quickly and avoid water
absorption and leakage. The same thing in the construction of a temporary roof, the roof of the roof is
built taking into account the current wind direction so that the household is more protected and will not
be affected by if it rains.

International Conference on Local Wisdom of the Malay Archipelago (COLLEGA 2023) Page - 367 -