Page 377 - Proceedings Collega2023

The basic structure of this building includes the frame of the house, roof, floor and no walls. The
frame consists of several small sticks of wood that are used to weave the roof and two poles that are
connected by a piece of wood known as a crossbar. Poles and crossbars serve to support the roof.

Pankin is built in pillared and non-pillared forms. The height of the bench with the pole is one foot
from the ground. This type of floor is usually made of bamboo or wooden saplings arranged on top of
round wood and tied with rattan. For forms without pillars, they use certain leaves as floors. These leaves
are spread on the ground instead of mats.

The roof is only on one side of the Haya’ i.e. from the back to the top front. The roof that has been
arranged and woven is tied to the haya frame starting from the ground level of the back to the top of the
front. The crossbars at the top and two poles serve as reinforcements for the roof.

The roof is built slightly inclined to accelerate the flow of water down when it rains. It needs to be
built with its back to the direction of the wind so that it is more shaded if it rains. The roof is also built
facing the direction of the wind during the season. During the southwest monsoon season, Haya’ should
be built facing southwest so that the inside of the house is protected from rain coming from that direction.
Likewise, during the northeast monsoon season, Haya’ needs to turn its back to the northeast (Ramle
Abdullah, 2009).

iv. Spatial Structure
Although the size of the Haya’ is small, there is a specific division of space, including the following:
First, the bench located in the middle of the Haya’ serves as a seat for resting, talking, eating, family
activities and others. At night it serves as a bed for the family. Second, the space for the bonfire is in the
front or side of the pankin made on the ground, the bonfire is always burning from day to night. In addition
to serving as a cooking place, the campfire also aims to avoid wild animals, and mosquitoes and to warm
the body when the weather is cold. Third, a space to store items is located in a corner of the left side or
the back corner of the house. It serves as a place to store certain tools that are brought during the stay in
Haya’. The tools include tools used for cooking, hunting tools and weapons.

b) Permanent Haya’ Construction
Generally, every permanent building can be divided into two components; structural and non-
structural. Structural components are the parts of a house that make up the structural frame of the house,
while non-structural components include various accessories and house spaces that serve to fill or
complete the structure of the house.

i) Haya’ Form Remains
The house built by the Batek tribe in Kuala Koh village as shown in Figure 1.2 is permanent housing.
The structure of this house consists of walls, doors, floors and roofs. The interior usually has one or two
rooms. Haya’ of this type is more resistant than temporary Haya’. There are also more house poles.

International Conference on Local Wisdom of the Malay Archipelago (COLLEGA 2023) Page - 364 -