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7. Freedom from Deception: The passage suggests that even intelligent individuals may make errors due
to imaginative and phantasmal faculties. However, after death, the intelligence is believed to perceive
reality without the deceptions of the imagination and fantasy.

Throughout this passage, the term "light" is used metaphorically to signify the enlightened nature
of intelligence, which transcends the limitations of physical sight. It underscores the idea that intelligence
is capable of deeper and more profound perception than the eye and should be considered as the true
"light" that guides human understanding and awareness. Al-Ghazali's exploration of intelligence highlights
several key distinctions from the limitations of the human eye. Firstly, intelligence possesses a remarkable
ability for self-perception, comprehending its knowledge, power, and attributes in an infinite chain of self-
awareness. Secondly, unlike the eye, which is constrained to a limited range, intelligence transcends such
boundaries, enabling it to explore both celestial and terrestrial realms without restriction. Moreover, Al-
Ghazali emphasizes the freedom of intelligence to delve into metaphysical and spiritual dimensions,
extending its reach beyond the physical world to uncover the hidden realities of existence. Additionally,
while the eye is confined to surface-level characteristics and external causality, intelligence can penetrate
to the core of things, grasping their essential nature, spiritual essence, and underlying principles.
Furthermore, intelligence's comprehensive perception extends beyond the physical world's attributes,
encompassing inner qualities such as sounds, smells, tastes, sensations, and emotions. This breadth of
perception distinguishes intelligence from the eye's inherent limitations.

Ultimately, Al-Ghazali's insights underscore that intelligence possesses the capacity to
comprehend abstract concepts, including the notion of infinity, a capability that eludes the human eye. In
summary, intelligence stands as a transcendent faculty capable of apprehending reality without the
restrictions that affect the eye's perception of an object's true size and motion

2.2 The Qur'an as the Sun of Intelligence:
The diversity and complexity of human intelligence, acknowledging that while individuals possess
intelligence, their understanding may vary depending on the level of knowledge and the types of truths
they perceive. The levels of knowledge and understanding within human intelligence. possess intelligence,
the things they perceive or understand are not all on the same level or plane. Some knowledge is inherent
and self-evident, such as axiomatic Truths (self-evident or unquestionable). Axiomatic truths are
fundamental principles or statements that are accepted without proof because they are self-evident.

The distinction between existent and non-existent, which is another fundamental concept. The
understanding that something can either exist or not exist is a basic aspect of human intelligence.
Judgment or proposition is true for one thing, it should also be true for something identical or similar. This
concept implies consistency and generalizability in human thinking. existence of a specific or individual
instance, it can lead to the necessary existence of a broader universal concept. This notion suggests a
logical connection between the specific and the general.

2.3 The Visible and Invisible Worlds and Their Lights: Mankind
Al-Ghazali introduces the existence of two kinds of "eye": the external eye linked to the material
world of the senses and the internal eye associated with the celestial realm. Each of these eyes possesses
its own sun and light, perfecting its mode of seeing, whether seen or unseen. IT IS SEEN AND UNSEEN.

International Conference on Local Wisdom of the Malay Archipelago (COLLEGA 2023) Page - 315 -