Page 733 - Proceedings Collega2023

Figure 5

The Wooden Gazebo Located at The Riverside

Furthermore, social spaces like warung are also one of the vital platforms that play a crucial role
in fostering bonding social capital. Warung promotes interaction as the locals would spend their morning
to have breakfast while having chit-chat and discussion on the important issues. A 33-year-old local
community who participated in the interview session gave the following description of the warung as
follows:

"The warung is what I would refer to as a space of covenant for the locals. It is more than just a place to
eat. It also serves as a meeting spot for us and stimulates the daily conversations about the current issues."

Another informant, claiming to be a regular customer of the warung, said that:

"Every morning, I visit this warung not only to enjoy my breakfast but also to catch up with my friends."

The study perceived the house compound, riverside and warung as glue that binds the actors in
daily basis activities where interaction from all walks of life can be found. The social affordances garnered
from such spaces were reflected in basic amenities such as prime location, great services provided by well-
known faces and flexible business hours. According to Ujang et al. (2018), social spaces play a crucial role
in sustaining social capital by regularly facilitating a variety of activities for actors to strengthen and expand
their social networks. The results showed local community entrenched with significant indigenous
wisdom, as their bonding social capital is overflowing with rooted positive values such as understanding,
tolerance, cooperation, respect, reciprocity, trust and enthusiasm. Such values also seem to support
McKnight and Block's (2012) contention that strong social capital development and sustainability can only
be established in the surroundings of a well-connected community. Evidently, the formulation of locals
bonding social capital was founded on these elements.

International Conference on Local Wisdom of the Malay Archipelago (COLLEGA 2023) Page - 720 -