Page 543 - Proceedings Collega2023

vision as well as other senses or situational experiences in archaeological contexts, such as optical devices
such as binoculars, telescopes and flashlights.

The research uses several theories that are thought to be appropriate in an effort to analyze the
results of the research. First, the researcher chose the iconographic theory introduced by Erwin Panofsky
in his book Studies in Iconology: Humanistic Themes in the Art of the Renaissance. This iconographic
theory is a theory based on several stages in analyzing images and works. Through this method of ranking,
researchers examined images of cave paintings in a more orderly and planned manner.

Figure 3

Stage of iconographic analysis by Erwin Panofsky

•Initial rating analysis for the purpose
pre-iconograhical of describing visible visual
characteristics

•Analysis for the purpose of identifying
iconography secondary definitions by looking at the
relationship between the motif of an art and
the theme, concept or meaning common to
the event discussed by an image

•Analyze the interpretation by
iconology considering the presentation of objects
or icons from the artist

Source: Panofsky (1972)
This theory suggests that visual artwork has a ‘linguistics’ which means that the visual image itself
has a language to be conveyed through the use of motives, patterns or images. Iconography acts like a
‘sign’ that continues to appear without our consciousness, and it is also possible that iconography exists
in the mind that such ‘signs’ are references in the form of images. This thus gives the impression to the
observer that the signs that exist represent something.
The process of analysis the data findings performed on site is the most important stage of the
research. The analysis of the study material was dependent on the type of study material found. Each
method of analysis requires stages of scrutiny that are phased in producing comprehensive information.
Physical analysis and context of innovation or its role in culture is carried out in order to obtain information
about the past of man. Researchers do not rely solely on expertise in a particular field in analyzing their
findings. The diversity of opinions and results will ensure that the researcher's theory of the findings is
based on solid evidence.

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