Page 833 - Proceedings Collega2023

Figure 1.0 depicts how this research makes use of textual analysis to investigate the text's larger contextual
setting. This process entails a meticulous examination of the historical, cultural, and societal context in
which the book was produced, as well as exploring its interconnections with other texts and events. The
initial phase of the textual analysis is an examination of the aesthetic qualities and historical roots of art,
with the objective of attaining a comprehensive comprehension of art by considering the viewpoints of
Al-Ghazali and al-Faruqi's notion of "Tawhid". The present study was prompted to investigate the
correlation between the philosophical underpinnings of Islamic art and the artistic and cultural expressions
of Malaysian Malay art. Additionally, to gain a comprehensive understanding of this subject matter, it’s
important to grasp the conceptual analysis of Islamic performative aesthetics pertaining to “Tawhid”. The
philosophical foundations of Islam, such as scholastic theology (kalam) and doctrinal Sufism, have a
significant impact on Islamic performative aesthetics. Consequently, the aesthetics of Islamic art are
predominately based on the principles of abstraction, stylization, and repetition, among other essential
elements. The concept of al-Tawhid", which is central to Islam, affirms the belief in Allah (SWT) as the one
and supreme Creator, the transcendent and ultimate being, and the sovereign authority over all existence
(Ali, 2006). These acknowledged artistic depictions have effectively assimilated and safeguarded this
fundamental principle. According to al-Faruqi (1982), hence, the Islamic concept of “Tawhid” in Islamic
arts, grounded in the sacred concept of God's transcendence, employs stylization and depersonalisation
techniques to abstract the essence of realistic depictions. This is achieved through the abstraction of said
depictions' essence. The term "“Mujarad”" is employed to denote this particular abstraction. Through the
process of abstracting arabesque motifs and employing principles of geometry and rhythm, it becomes
possible to discern the influence of “Tawhid” on aesthetics, as it serves as the fundamental basis for such
artistic expressions.

The chosen method, interdisciplinary analysis, is highly suitable for this discussion because it
enables a comprehensive investigation of the interaction between "Tawhid" and "Mujarad" in Islamic
thought and artistic practice, with the goal of comprehending mystical emotions. This methodology
incorporates elements of comparative analysis, historical contextualization, textual analysis, artistic
evaluation, and expert consultation, thereby facilitating an all-encompassing understanding of the topic.
This study's methodology involves a comprehensive analysis of Islamic theological texts and artistic
manifestations in order to identify shared themes, symbols, and interpretations pertinent to the
concepts of "Tawhid" and "Mujarad". This facilitates a comprehensive understanding of the manner in
which these concepts are manifested in both domains and their mutual influence. Begin the scholastic
investigation with a thorough examination of relevant Islamic theological literature, including the Quran,
Hadith, and ancient theological treatises. This inquiry focuses on the concepts of "Tawhid" and
"Mujarad" A fundamental principle of Islamic theology, "Tawhid" refers to the belief in God's
uniqueness. It entails the notion that Allah is the sole creator worthy of worship and that He is indivisible
and singular in His attributes and essence. "Tawhid" is the centre of the Islamic faith, influencing its
understanding of monotheism. This analysis seeks to investigate the terminology, interpretations, and
theological nuances associated with the aforementioned concepts (Roslina, 2022). The inclusion of artist
analysis requires the identification of notable artists and examples of Islamic art forms, such as
calligraphy, geometric patterns, architectural designs, and abstract art, renowned for their incorporation
of "Tawhid" and "Mujarad"-related themes. This analysis will examine the intricate details of the
artworks, including their composition, use of symbolism, incorporation of Arabic script or geometric
patterns, as well as the artist's underlying philosophy. Let us now shift our focus to comparative analysis.

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