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insights into the cultural and traditional practises used in the treatment and prevention of dengue
infections.

Literature review

Malay local knowledge and healthcare

Local knowledge can be conceptualised as a repository of information, advice, and wisdom passed down
from generation to generation. It serves as a dynamic strategy that embodies the unique characteristics
of a particular cultural group (Rafiek, 2012). Moreover, it assumes a central role in influencing societal
frameworks, encompassing domains such as culture, economy, politics, environment and healthcare
(Hussain et al., 2019; Thamrin, 2013). This perspective is also corroborated by Tumanggor (2007) who
perceives local knowledge as more than just a holistic worldview, but also as a scientific that encompasses
various life strategies that are manifested through actions taken by local communities to address a wide
range of challenges in meeting their needs.

In the context of Malay people, local wisdom has been documented in many forms, such as ancient
manuscripts, scientific studies, as well as everyday conversations and practices of community members.
Within the healthcare and indigenous knowledge domain, a prominent repository of information is the
Kitab Tibb, an ancient text that consolidates a comprehensive collection of advice, tips, and historical
customs that were widespread among the Malay population in previous epochs (Hussain et al., 2019). This
Malay medical ‘scripture’ thoroughly explains the benefits of natural resources as organic ingredients that
can harness the prevention, treatment, and cure of various types of illness.

Over the last decade, research on the local knowledge and health-related practices within the
Malay Archipelago has received a considerable attention from researchers in the Asian countries (Azam,
2016; Kusnita et al., 2017; Thamrin, 2013; Tumanggor, 2007). This research covers various topics, including
healthcare maintenance, domestic tasks, postnatal care, and culinary practises. Local knowledge has been
recognised and welcomed as a significant source of guidance and counsel by local communities,
particularly in topics relevant to daily health practises (Azam, 2016). Women are considered to benefit
from the use of specific medicinal plants, such as buah kembang semangkuk (malva nut), during childbirth
(Mohamed, 2011). Similarly, local wisdom substantially influences dietary patterns and plant choices,
which have become core aspects of many community groups' cultural identity, values, and beliefs that
span generations (Salmah Omar, 2010). Furthermore, by drawing on local knowledge for direction, women
are adept at managing their families, primarily focusing on the health and well-being of family members
through natural resources (Jamaludin, 2010). These substantial bodies of scholarly work provide
compelling evidence that local knowledge exerts a substantial influence on the lifestyles of Malay
communities, notably in the domains of public health and well-being.

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