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CONTENTS (Continued)
Page
2.4.3.1 Temperature 17
2.4.3.2 pH and buffers 17
2.4.3.3 Organic loading rate 18
2.4.3.4 Hydraulic retention time 18
2.4.4 Toxic/inhibiting compounds 18
CHAPTER III Hydrogen and methane production by using batch two-stage 21
co-digestion of skim latex serum (SLS) and palm oil mill
effluent (POME): Optimization of mixing ratio and nutrients
3.1 Abstract 21
3.2 Introduction 22
3.3 Materials and methods 23
3.3.1 Anaerobic seed sludge 23
3.3.2 Skim latex serum 24
3.3.3 Palm oil mill effluent 24
3.3.4 Empty fruit bunch (EFB) ash 24
3.3.5 Optimization of SLS and POME mixing ratio in biohydrogen 25
production
3.3.6 Effect of NaHCO 3, Na 2HPO 4.12H 2O and EFB ash 25
concentrations on biohydrogen production
3.3.7 Methane potential from co-digestion of SLS with POME 27
3.3.8 Analytical methods 28
3.4 Results and discussion 28
3.4.1 Characteristics of substrates used 28
3.4.2 Optimization of SLS and POME mixing ratio in biohydrogen 29
Production
